Igipimo cy’ibiciro by’Ubushinwa (CSPI) muri Werurwe.

Igiciro cyibicuruzwa byibyuma kumasoko yimbere byahindutse hejuru muri Werurwe, kandi biragoye gukomeza kuzamuka mugihe cyakurikiyeho, bityo ihindagurika rito rigomba kuba inzira nyamukuru.

Muri Werurwe, isoko ryimbere mu gihugu ryari rikomeye, kandi igiciro cyibicuruzwa byahindutse hejuru, kandi kwiyongera byari hejuru yukwezi gushize.Kuva mu ntangiriro za Mata, ibiciro by'ibyuma byazamutse mbere hanyuma bigabanuka, muri rusange bikomeza guhindagurika hejuru.

1. Igipimo cy’ibiciro by’imbere mu Bushinwa cyazamutse ukwezi ku kwezi.

Ukurikije igenzura ryicyuma nicyumaAbagenzikuri,mu mpera za Werurwe, Igipimo cy’ibiciro by’Ubushinwa (CSPI) cyari amanota 136.28, cyiyongereyeho amanota 4.92 guhera mu mpera za Gashyantare, cyiyongereyeho 3.75%, n’umwaka ku mwaka cyiyongeraho amanota 37.07, cyiyongera 37.37%.(Reba hepfo)

Imbonerahamwe y’ibiciro by’Ubushinwa (CSPI)

• Ibiciro byibicuruzwa bikomeye byazamutse.

Mu mpera za Werurwe, ibiciro byubwoko umunani bwibyuma bikurikiranwa n’ishyirahamwe ry’ibyuma n’ibyuma byiyongereye.Muri byo, ibiciro by'ibyuma bifata inguni, amasahani aringaniye kandi aremereye, ibishishwa bishyushye hamwe n'imiyoboro ishyushye idafite imiyoboro yiyongereye ku buryo bugaragara, byazamutseho 286 / toni, 242, toni 231, guhera mu kwezi gushize;Kwiyongera kw'ibiciro bya rebar, impapuro zikonje hamwe n'impapuro za galvanisari byari bike, byazamutseho 114 / toni, 158 yu / toni, 42 yu / toni na 121 yu / toni ukwezi gushize.(Reba imbonerahamwe ikurikira)

Imbonerahamwe yimpinduka mubiciro nibipimo byibicuruzwa byingenzi

2.Gusesengura ibintu bihindura ibiciro byibyuma kumasoko yimbere.

Muri Werurwe, isoko ryimbere mu gihugu ryinjiye mu gihe cyo gukoresha ibyuma, ibicuruzwa bikenerwa mu cyuma byari bikomeye, ibiciro by’isoko mpuzamahanga byazamutse, ibyoherezwa mu mahanga nabyo byakomeje kwiyongera, ibyifuzo by’isoko byiyongera, n’ibiciro by’ibyuma bikomeza kuzamuka.

• (1) Inganda nyamukuru zibyuma zirahagaze neza kandi ziratera imbere, kandi ibyuma bikomeza kwiyongera.

Nk’uko Ikigo cy'igihugu gishinzwe ibarurishamibare kibitangaza, umusaruro rusange w'igihugu (GDP) mu gihembwe cya mbere wiyongereyeho 18.3% umwaka ushize, 0,6% kuva mu gihembwe cya kane 2020, na 10.3% guhera mu gihembwe cya mbere cya 2019;ishoramari ry'umutungo rusange w'igihugu (ukuyemo ingo zo mucyaro) ryiyongereye umwaka-ku mwaka 25,6%.Muri byo, ishoramari ry'ibikorwa remezo ryiyongereyeho 29.7% umwaka ushize, ishoramari mu iterambere ry’imitungo ryiyongereyeho 25,6% umwaka ushize, naho ubuso bushya bw’amazu bwiyongera 28.2%.Muri Werurwe, agaciro kongerewe inganda zinganda hejuru yubunini bwiyongereyeho 14.1% umwaka-ku-mwaka.Muri byo, inganda rusange zikora ibikoresho byiyongereyeho 20.2%, inganda zidasanzwe zikora ibikoresho byiyongereyeho 17.9%, inganda zikora amamodoka ziyongereyeho 40.4%, gari ya moshi, ubwato, indege n’ibindi bikoresho byo gutwara abantu byiyongereyeho 9.8%, kandi imashini zikoresha amashanyarazi ninganda zikora ibikoresho byiyongereyeho 24.1%.Mudasobwa, itumanaho n’ibindi bikoresho bya elegitoroniki bikora inganda byiyongereyeho 12.2%.Muri rusange, ubukungu bwigihugu bwatangiye neza mugihembwe cya mbere, kandi inganda zicyuma zo hasi zirakenewe cyane.

• (2) Umusaruro wibyuma wakomeje urwego rwo hejuru, kandi ibyuma byoherezwa mu mahanga byiyongereye cyane.

Dukurikije imibare y’ishyirahamwe ry’icyuma n’ibyuma, muri Werurwe, umusaruro w’igihugu mu byuma by’ingurube, ibyuma bitavanze n’ibyuma (usibye ibikoresho bisubirwamo) byari toni miliyoni 74,75, toni miliyoni 94.02 na toni miliyoni 11.87, byiyongereyeho 8.9%, 19.1% na 20.9% umwaka-ku-mwaka;Umusaruro wibyuma bya buri munsi wari toni miliyoni 3.0329, ugereranije wiyongereyeho 2,3% mumezi abiri yambere.Nk’uko imibare ya gasutamo ibigaragaza, muri Werurwe, mu gihugu ibicuruzwa byoherezwa mu mahanga byoherezwa mu mahanga byari toni miliyoni 7.54, umwaka ushize byiyongereyeho 16.4%;ibicuruzwa byatumijwe mu mahanga byari toni miliyoni 1.32, umwaka ku mwaka byiyongereyeho 16.0%;Ibyuma byoherezwa mu mahanga byari toni miliyoni 6.22, umwaka ushize byiyongereyeho 16.5%.Umusaruro w'ibyuma ku isoko ryimbere mu gihugu wakomeje urwego rwo hejuru, ibicuruzwa byoherezwa mu mahanga byakomeje kwiyongera, kandi isoko n’ibicuruzwa bikomeza kuba byiza.

• (3) Ibiciro bya mine bitumizwa mu mahanga hamwe na kokiya yamakara byarakosowe, kandi ibiciro muri rusange biracyari hejuru.

Dukurikije imibare y’ishyirahamwe ry’icyuma n’ibyuma, mu mpera za Werurwe, igiciro cy’amabuye y'agaciro yo mu gihugu cyiyongereyeho 25 Yuan / toni, igiciro cy’amabuye yatumijwe mu mahanga (CIOPI) cyagabanutseho amadorari 10.15 US $ / toni, n’ibiciro ya kokiya yamakara hamwe na kokiya metallurgical yagabanutseho 45 yuan / toni na 559 yuan / toni.Ton, igiciro cyibyuma bisakaye byiyongereyeho 38 yuan / toni ukwezi-ukwezi.Urebye uko umwaka utashye, ubutare bw’imbere mu gihugu hamwe n’amabuye yatumijwe mu mahanga yazamutseho 55.81% na 93.22%, amakara ya kokiya n’ibicuruzwa bya kokiya byiyongereyeho 7.97% na 26.20%, naho ibyuma by’ibicuruzwa byazamutseho 32.36%.Ibiciro by'ibikoresho fatizo na lisansi bigenda byiyongera ku rwego rwo hejuru, bizakomeza gushyigikira ibiciro by'ibyuma.

3.Ibiciro byibicuruzwa byibyuma kumasoko mpuzamahanga byakomeje kwiyongera, kandi ukwezi-ukwezi kwiyongera.

Muri Werurwe, igipimo cy’ibiciro mpuzamahanga by’icyuma (CRU) cyari amanota 246.0, cyiyongereyeho amanota 14.3 cyangwa 6.2% ukwezi ku kwezi, kwiyongera ku gipimo cya 2,6 ku ijana ukwezi gushize;kwiyongera kw'amanota 91.2 cyangwa 58.9% mugihe kimwe cyumwaka ushize.(Reba ishusho n'imbonerahamwe ikurikira)

Imbonerahamwe mpuzamahanga yerekana ibiciro (CRU)

4.Gusesengura ibiciro byisoko ryicyuma nyuma.

Kugeza ubu, isoko ryibyuma riri mugihe cyibisabwa.Bitewe nibintu bibuza kurengera ibidukikije, ibiteganijwe kugabanuka no kongera ibicuruzwa byoherezwa mu mahanga, ibiciro byibyuma ku isoko rya nyuma biteganijwe ko bizakomeza kuba byiza.Ariko, kubera kwiyongera kwinshi mugihe cyambere no kwihuta kwiterambere, ingorane zo kwanduza inganda zo hasi ziyongereye, kandi biragoye ko igiciro gikomeza kuzamuka mugihe cyakurikiyeho, kandi ihindagurika rito rigomba kuba impamvu nyamukuru.

• (1) Iterambere ry’ubukungu ku isi riteganijwe gutera imbere, kandi n’icyuma gikomeza kwiyongera

Urebye uko ibintu bimeze, ubukungu bwisi bukomeje gutera imbere.Ku ya 6 Mata, Ikigega Mpuzamahanga cy'Imari (IMF) cyasohoye “Raporo y’ubukungu bw’isi ku Isi”, kivuga ko ubukungu bw’isi buziyongera ku gipimo cya 6.0% mu 2021, bikazamukaho 0.5% ugereranyije na Mutarama;Ishyirahamwe ry’ibyuma ku isi ryasohoye iteganyagihe ry’igihe gito ku ya 15 Mata Mu 2021, ibyuma bikenerwa ku isi bizagera kuri toni miliyari 1.874, bikiyongeraho 5.8%.Muri byo, Ubushinwa bwazamutseho 3.0%, usibye ibihugu n'uturere bitari Ubushinwa, byiyongereyeho 9.3%.Urebye uko ibintu byifashe mu gihugu, igihugu cyanjye kiri mu mwaka wa mbere wa “Gahunda yimyaka 14”.Mu gihe ubukungu bw’imbere mu gihugu bukomeje kwiyongera, kurinda ibintu by’umushinga w’ishoramari byakomeje gushimangirwa, kandi iterambere ry’iterambere ry’ishoramari rihamye mu gihe kizaza rizakomeza gushimangirwa.Yakomeje agira ati: “Haracyariho umwanya munini w'ishoramari mu guhindura inganda gakondo no kuzamura inganda zigenda ziyongera, ibyo bikaba bigira ingaruka zikomeye ku gukenera inganda n'ibyuma.

• (2) Umusaruro wibyuma ukomeza kuba murwego rwo hejuru, kandi biragoye ko ibiciro byibyuma bizamuka cyane.

Nk’uko imibare yaturutse mu ishyirahamwe ry’ibyuma n’ibyuma ibigaragaza, mu minsi icumi ya mbere ya Mata, umusaruro w’ibyuma bya buri munsi (kalibiri imwe) y’amasosiyete akomeye y’ibyuma wiyongereyeho 2,88% ukwezi ku kwezi, kandi bikaba bivugwa ko icyuma cya peteroli mu gihugu umusaruro wiyongereyeho 1,14% ukwezi-ukwezi.Urebye uko ibintu byifashe, "kureba inyuma" yo kugabanya ubushobozi bwicyuma nicyuma, kugabanya umusaruro wibyuma bya peteroli, hamwe no kugenzura ibidukikije bigiye gutangira, kandi biragoye ko umusaruro wibyuma byiyongera cyane muri igihe cyakurikiyeho.Uhereye kubisabwa, kubera ubwiyongere bwihuse kandi bunini bwibiciro byibyuma kuva muri Werurwe, inganda zicyuma zo hasi nko kubaka ubwato nibikoresho byo munzu ntibishobora kwihanganira guhuza ibiciro byicyuma, kandi ibiciro byibyuma ntibishobora gukomeza kuzamuka cyane.

• (3) Ibarura ryibyuma byakomeje kugabanuka, kandi igitutu cyisoko cyaragabanutse mugihe cyakurikiyeho.

Bitewe nubwiyongere bwihuse bwibisabwa ku isoko ryimbere mu gihugu, ububiko bwibyuma bwakomeje kugabanuka.Mu ntangiriro za Mata, ukurikije ububiko bw’imibereho, ububiko bw’imibereho y’ibicuruzwa bitanu by’ibyuma mu mijyi 20 byari toni miliyoni 15.22, byagabanutse mu minsi itatu ikurikiranye.Kugabanuka kwinshi kwari toni miliyoni 2.55 kuva hejuru murwego rwumwaka, kugabanuka kwa 14.35%;kugabanuka kwa toni miliyoni 2.81 umwaka-ku-mwaka.15.59%.Urebye ibarura ry’ibyuma, imibare y’ishyirahamwe ry’ibyuma n’ibyuma ni imibare ingana na toni miliyoni 15.5, ikiyongera kuva mu gice cya mbere cy’ukwezi, ariko ugereranije n’ikirenga mu mwaka umwe, yagabanutseho 2.39 toni miliyoni, kugabanuka kwa 13.35%;umwaka-mwaka kugabanuka kwa toni miliyoni 2.45, kugabanuka Byari 13.67%.Ibaruramari ryibikorwa nububiko bwimibereho byakomeje kugabanuka, kandi igitutu cyisoko cyaragabanutse mugihe cyakurikiyeho.

5. Ibibazo by'ingenzi bigomba kwitabwaho ku isoko rya nyuma:

• Ubwa mbere, urwego rwo gukora ibyuma ruri hejuru cyane, kandi impirimbanyi zitangwa nibisabwa zihura nibibazo.Kuva muri Mutarama kugeza muri Werurwe uyu mwaka, umusaruro w'ibyuma bya peteroli ku rwego rw'igihugu wageze kuri toni miliyoni 271, umwaka ushize wiyongera 15.6%, bikomeza umusaruro ugereranije.Isoko ryo kugemura no gukenera isoko rihura n’ibibazo, kandi hari itandukaniro rinini hagati y’ibicuruzwa bigabanywa buri mwaka mu gihugu.Inganda zicyuma nicyuma zigomba gushyira mu gaciro umuvuduko wumusaruro, guhindura imiterere yibicuruzwa ukurikije impinduka zikenewe ku isoko, kandi bigateza imbere uburinganire bwamasoko nibisabwa.

• Icya kabiri, ihindagurika ryinshi ryibikoresho fatizo na lisansi byongereye igitutu ibigo byibyuma kugirango bigabanye ibiciro kandi byongere imikorere.Nk’uko bigaragazwa n’ishyirahamwe ry’icyuma n’ibyuma, ku ya 16 Mata, CIOPI yatumije mu mahanga igiciro cy’amabuye y’icyuma cyari US $ 176.39 / toni, umwaka ushize wiyongereyeho 110.34%, ibyo bikaba byari hejuru cyane y’izamuka ry’ibiciro by’ibyuma.Ibiciro by'ibikoresho fatizo nk'amabuye y'icyuma, ibyuma bisakara, hamwe na kokiya yamakara bikomeje kuba byinshi, ibyo bikazamura igitutu ku masosiyete akora ibyuma n’ibyuma kugira ngo agabanye ibiciro kandi yongere imikorere mu bihe bizakurikiraho.

• Icya gatatu, ubukungu bwisi yose buhura nibintu bitazwi kandi ibyoherezwa mu mahanga bifite ibibazo bikomeye.Ku wa gatanu ushize, Ishami ry'Umuryango w'Abibumbye ryita ku Buzima ryagiranye ikiganiro n’abanyamakuru rivuga ko mu mezi abiri ashize, buri cyumweru umubare w’abantu bashya bandura amakamba mashya ku isi hose wikubye hafi kabiri, kandi ugenda wegera umubare munini w’abanduye kuva iki cyorezo, kizatera a gukurura kugarura ubukungu bwisi yose nibisabwa.Byongeye kandi, politiki yo kugabanyirizwa imisoro mu gihugu imbere irashobora guhinduka, kandi ibyoherezwa mu mahanga bikagira ibibazo bikomeye.